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Domnall mac Causantín was King of the Picts or King of Alba in the late 9th century. He was the son of Causantín mac Cináeda. Domnall became king on the death or deposition of Giric mac Dúngail, the date of which is not certainly known but usually placed in 889. It is thought that he was killed ...

Eochaid may have been king of the Picts from 878 to 885 or 889. He was a son of Run, King of Strathclyde, and his mother may have been a daughter of Cináed mac Ailpín. His kingship is usually portrayed as some form of joint rule with Giric. However there is no consensus as to whether Eochaid was ...

Áed mac Cináeda (died 878) was a son of Cináed mac Ailpín. He became king of the Picts in 877 when he succeeded his brother Causantín. The Chronicle of the Kings of Alba says of Áed: "Edus held the same [i.e. the kingdom] for one year. The shortness of his reign has bequeathed nothing memorable t...

Causantín mac Cináeda (died 877) was a son of Cináed mac Ailpín. Although tradition makes Causantín a king of Scots, it is clear from the entries in the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba and the Annals of Ulster, that he was king of the Picts. He became king in 862 on the death of his uncle Domnall m...

Domnall mac Ailpín (died 862) was king of the Picts from 858 to 862. He followed his brother Cináed to the throne. The Chronicle of the Kings of Alba says that Domnall reigned for four years, matching the notices in the Annals of Ulster of his brother's death in February 858 and his own in April ...

Cináed mac Ailpín was king of the Picts and, according to national myth, first king of Scots. Cináed's undisputed legacy was to produce a dynasty of rulers who claimed descent from him. If he cannot be regarded as the father of Scotland, he was the founder of the dynasty which ruled that country f...

Margaret, usually known as the Maid of Norway, sometimes known as Margaret of Scotland, was a Norwegian–Scottish princess who is widely considered to have been Queen of Scots from 1286 until her death, although this is disputed. Her death sparked off the disputed succession which led to the Wars o...

Alexander III, was born at Roxburgh, the only son of Alexander II by his second wife Marie de Coucy. Alexander's father died on 6 July 1249 and he became king at the age of eight, inaugurated at Scone on 13 July 1249. At the marriage of Alexander to Margaret of England in 1251, Henry III seized t...

Alexander II was the son of William the Lion and Ermengarde of Beaumont. He was born at Haddington, East Lothian, in 1198, and succeeded to the kingdom on the death of his father on 4 December 1214. The year after his accession Alexander joined the English barons in their struggle against John I ...

William I "the Lion" (known in Gaelic as Uilliam Garm or William the Rough), reigned as King of Scots from 1165 to 1214. His reign was the second longest in Scottish history before the Act of Union with England in 1707. He became King following his brother Malcolm IV's death on 9 December 1165 and...

Malcolm IV (or Máel Coluim mac Eanric), King of Scots, was the eldest son of Earl Henry (d. 1152) and Ada de Warenne. The original Malcolm Canmore, a name now associated with his great-grandfather Máel Coluim mac Donnchada, he succeeded his grandfather David I, and shared David's Anglo-Norman tast...

King David I (or Dabíd mac Maíl Choluim; also known as Saint David I or David I "the Saint") was King of Scotland from 1124 until his death, and the youngest son of Malcolm Canmore and of Saint Margaret (sister of Edgar Ætheling). He married Matilda, daughter and heiress of Waltheof, Earl of Nort...

Alexander I of Scotland or Alaxandair mac Maíl Coluim was the fourth son of Máel Coluim mac Donnchada by his wife Margaret, grand-niece of Edward the Confessor. He was named in honour of Pope Alexander II. Alexander was his unmarried brother Edgar's heir, perhaps throughout his reign. On the deat...

Edgar of Scotland or Étgar mac Maíl Choluim was the son of Máel Coluim mac Donnchada and Queen Margaret (later Saint Margaret). Edgar claimed the kingship in early 1095, following the murder of his half-brother Donnchad mac Maíl Choluim in late 1094 by Máel Petair of Mearns. His older brother Edm...

Domnall mac Donnchada or Domnall Bán (Donald III) was the second known son of Donnchad mac Crínáin. Domnall's activities during the reign of his elder brother Máel Coluim are not recorded. It appears that he was not his brother's chosen heir, contrary to earlier custom, but that Máel Coluim had d...

Donnchad mac Maíl Coluim (Duncan II) was son of Máel Coluim mac Donnchada and his first wife Ingibiorg Finnsdottir, widow of Thorfinn Sigurdsson. Donnchad was given into the keeping of William the Conqueror in 1072 as a hostage, and spent many years at court, where he was exposed to the newly arr...

Domnall mac Donnchada or Domnall Bán (Donald III) was the second known son of Donnchad mac Crínáin. Domnall's activities during the reign of his elder brother Máel Coluim are not recorded. It appears that he was not his brother's chosen heir, contrary to earlier custom, but that Máel Coluim had d...